BRAIN FUNCTIONING AND THE IMPACT OF ABI

Mandy Tribe M.A.

Educational Consultant

Hospital School Program CHKD

Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters

Norfolk Public Schools

The cornesstone of a proudly diverse community

VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

WHAT IS AN ACQUIRED BRAIN INJURY?

TYPES OF BRAIN INJURY

• Congenital and Perinatal (no period of normal development)
  • Perinatal (e.g., birth stroke)
• Acquired (following a period of normal development)
  • Non-traumatic (internal occurrence e.g., tumor)
    • Congenital (e.g., PKU, CP)
  • Traumatic (external physical force)
    • Open (e.g., gunshot)
    • Closed (e.g., fall)

ACQUIRED BRAIN INJURY

Location of Different Types of Brain Tumors

• Supratentorial Ependymona
• Astrocytoma
• Pinealoma
• Medulloblastoma
• Cerebellar Astrocytoma
• Infratentorial Ependymona
• Optic Glioma
• Craniopharyngioma
• Brainstem Glioma

Stroke Types

• Hemorrhagie Stroke: Hemorrhage/blood leaks into brain tissue
• Ischemic Stroke: Clot stops blood supply to an area of the brain

ACQUIRED BRAIN INJURY

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UNIQUE AND CHALLENGING DISABILITY TO UNDERSTAND

INCIDENCE

• Data from Brain Injury Association of America
• (Beth Slomine, KKI)
• (CDC, 2004)
• FRAGILE
• Low incidence disability?

Lobes of the Brain

• Parietal Lobe
• Occipital Lobe
• Frontal Lobe
• Temporal Lobe
• Brain Stem
• Cerebellum

Neuron Structure

• CELL BODY
• Synapses
• Nucleus
• Node of Ranvier

CLOSED HEAD INJURY (COUP ANO CONTlfECOUP INJUllY)

NORMAL

• Physical
• Cognitive
• Social/Behavioral

Left Side of Brain

Risk Factors and Recurrence

Having one brain injury puts you at greater risk than the general public for having another brain injury.

• The risk for a 2nd injury is 3 x greater than the general public;
• the risk for a 3rd injury is 8 x greater!

Conditions

• ADHD/ADD
• LEARNING DISABILITIES
• EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE

ADHD is a risk factor for brain injury.

APPROACHES AND STRATEGIES

• Generic Management Strategies
• Behavior Management Strategies
• Memory Strategies

A brain injury survivor typically has a pre-injury self-concept of being “normal” which can often lead to adjustment issues.

Contact Information

Betsy Zeigler, ACSW, CCM, CBIS

Mandy Tribe M.A.

Educational Consultant

(757) 668-7582

Mandy.Tribe@chkd.org